- Absolute Value
- the absolute value of a real number a, denoted
by lal, is the distance between a and 0 on the number line.
- Additive
Identity
- 0, since 0 added to any number gives that number. ( a + 0 = a)
- Algebraic Expressions
- variables and numbers
connected by mathematical operations.
- Bar graph
- a 2-dimensional picture that consists of individual
rectangles (or bars).
- Base
- the quantity being raised to a power.
- Binomial
- a polynomial with exactly two terms.
- Coefficient
- the number multiplied by a variable.
- Complementary angles
- two angles whose
sum is 90 degrees.
- Constant
- a number that does not change value.
- Degree of a term (in one variable)
- the exponent.
- Degree of a polynomial
- the greatest degree of any term of the polynomial.
- Difference of two Squares
- a polynomial where
the two terms are perfect squares separated by subtraction.
- Equivalent equations
- two equations
that have the same solution.
- Exponent
- the number of times the base is used as a factor.
- Exponential expression
- a term that includes a
coefficient, a variable, and a power of that variable.
- Exponential Notation
- an expression that includes a
quantity being raised to a power.
- Equations
- a statement that two expressions are equal.
- Factor
- in a product, each number being multiplied is called a
factor.
- Factoring by grouping
- when four or more terms are
given in a polynomial try working with two terms at a time and then find the GCF.
- Factoring a polynomial
- the process of writing a
polynomial as a product.
- Formula
- a mathematical statement that describes the
relationship among numbers or variables.
- Graph of a linear equation
- a 2-dimensional
representation which results in a straight line.
- Greatest common factor -(GCF)
- the product of the
largest numerical factor common to all terms and the variable factor raised to the
lowest exponent in all terms.
- Grouping Symbol
- parentheses, brackets, or braces used to
collect mathematical expressions.
- Hypotenuse
- the side opposite the right angle of a triangle.
- Identity
- an equation that has an infinite number of solutions.
- Inequality symbol
- any of the following symbols used to
denote the relationship between two mathematical statements < , >, < , >.
- Integers
- {..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3,...}
- Irrational Numbers
- nonrational numbers
- Least common denominator - (LCD)
- a polynomial
whose factors include all the factors of the denominators, each raised to the highest
power from any of the given denominators.
- Leg
- the sides adjacent to the right angle of a triangle.
- Like terms
- terms that have the same variable raised to the
same power (also called similar terms).
- Line graph
- a 2-dimensional picture that consists of points
connected by a line.
- Linear equation
- in one variable can be
written in the form Ax + B = C where A, B, and C are real numbers and A
 0.
- Linear equation in two variables
- can
be written in the form Ax + By = C where A, B, and C are real numbers and A
0 and B 0.
- Monomial
- a polynomial with exactly one term.
- Multiplicative Identity
- the identity is 1. (a
·1 = a)
- Natural Numbers
- {1, 2, 3, ...}
- Opposites
- two quantities whose sum is 0 (also called additive
inverses). Perfect Square Trinomial-a polynomial of three terms that factors into the same
two binomials.
- Ordered Pair
- written (x,y), the x represents a value on
the horizontal axis and the y represents a value on the vertical axis, while (x,y)
represents a point on the graph.
- Origin
- the ordered pair (0,0).
- Parallel lines
- two lines with the same slope.
- Perpendicular lines
- two lines that intersect at
right angles.
- Perfect Square Trinomial
- a polynomial of three
terms that factors into the same two binomials.
- Polynomial in x
- a finite sum of terms of the form axn
, where a is a real number and n is a whole number.
- Power
- the number of times a base is used as a factor. Also called
an exponent.
- Prime
- a polynomial that does not factor.
- Quadrant
- one of the four sections where the horizontal and
vertical number lines divide the plane.
- Quadratic equation
- an equation that can be written in
the form ax2 + bx + c = 0 where a, b, and c
are real numbers and a 0.
- Rational Expression
- a quotient of polynomials.
- Rational Numbers
- {
l
a and b are integers and b 0
}
- Real Numbers
- Numbers that correspond to points on the
number line. This includes all natural, whole, integers, rational, and irrational numbers.
- Reciprocals
- two numbers whose product is 1 (also called
multiplicative inverses).
- Rectangular coordinate system
- a
2-dimensional graph that includes a horizontal and vertical number line.
- Right triangle
- a three sided polygon that contains a 90
degree angle.
- Scientific notation
- if a number is written as the
product of a number a, where 1 < a < 10, and an integer power r
of 10: a x 10r .
- Set
- a collection of objects.
- Slope
- the steepness of a line.
- Slope-intercept form
- a linear equation written in
the form y = mx + b.
- Solution
- the value of the variable or variables
that makes the equation true.
- Standard form of a linear equation
-
the form Ax + By = C where A, B, and C are real numbers and A
0 and
B 0.
- Standard Form of a quadratic equation
- the form ax2 + bx + c = 0 where a, b, and c
are real numbers and a 0.
- Supplementary angles
- two angles
whose sum is 180 degrees.
- Term
- a number or the product of a number and a variable (including
exponents).
- Translate
- to change from written words to a mathematical
statement.
- Trinomial
- a polynomial with exactly three terms.
- Variable
- letter used to denote an unknown quantity.
- Whole Numbers
- {0, 1, 2, 3,...}
- x-axis
- the horizontal number line.
- x-coordinate
- the x value in the ordered pair (x,y).
- x-intercept
- a point on the x-axis (a,0).
- y-axis
- the vertical number line.
- y-coordinate
- the y value in the ordered pair (x,y).
- y-intercept
- a point on the y-axis (0,b).
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