Chapter 9
Encounter: European
Outreach and Expansion
Global Travel and Trade
European Expansion
Claudius Ptolemy
latitude and longitude
cartographer
compass and astrolabe
European Explorers
Vasco de Gama
Christopher Columbus
kinship system
tribes / clans
animism
West African Kingdoms
Arab domination
frequent conversions to Islam
African Literature
folk traditions
griots
Sundiata
Chanting
religious ritual
mime and dance
themes / issues
Mythical Tales
myths of origin
depiction of human beings
the spirit world
Poetry
anaphora
“Call-and-response”
African Music and Dance
polyrhythmic structure
percussion instruments
“against” the beat / “off-beat”
African Sculpture
fetish
masks
supernatural power
totem
Europeans in
gold, salt, and slaves
1551 – Trans-atlantic slave trade
Arts in Native
pueblos
kivas
ceramics
rituals
Meso- and
Olmecs
stone carving
gold jewelry and weapons
Maya Civilization
Chutixtiox
written language
mathematics and astronomy
Inka Civilization
roads and bridges
cult of the sun
Aztec Civilization
last of great Meso-American empires
stone sculpture
Columbian Exchange
trade activity
native population decimated
commercial and cultural benefits