Chapter 2        Classicism: The Greek Legacy

The Classical Era - 500 BCE to 500 CE

Aegean Civilizations - p. 33, Map 2.1
Minoan Civilization - 2000-1400 BCE

1700 B.C.E. - earthquake

1400 BCE - destruction

Mycenaean Civilization - 1600-1200 BCE

1200 BCE - Trojan War

1200-750 BCE - The Heroic Age

Dorians

Oral tradition

Greek Gods

Oracle at Delphi

Hesiod - Theogony

Greek City-States

polis

600 BCE - Persia took over Ionia

499 BCE - Ionian cities revolted against Persians

490 BCE - Marathon - Persian defeated, over 6,000 dead

480 BCE - defeated Persian armada at Salamis

Herodotus

“comparative culture”

Athens and The Golden Age - 480-430 BCE

oligarchy
democracy

Solon

Sparta

helots

Pericles

Peleponesian Wars - 431-404 BCE

Thucydides

Olympic Games

776 BCE - “Panhellenic” festival
Olympiads

gymnos

Greek Drama

genre

Dionysus
Thespus
44 extant plays

Greek Playwrights
Aeschylus (525-456 BCE)
Sophocles (496-406 BCE)
Euripedes (480-406 BCE)
Aristophanies (450-388 BCE)

Theaters - p. 39, Fig. 2.9, Fig. 2.10
Proscenium
Orchestra
Skene
Altar

Tragedy

Aristotle's Poetics
Unity of time

Unity of Action
Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripedes

Comedy

Satires

Parodies
Aristophanes - Lysistrata

Greek Poetry

Ode

Hymn

Sappho - p. 40

Greek Philosophy

Pre-Socratics

Pythagoras
Hippocrates

The Sophists

humanist philosophers
metaphysics

Socrates - "The unexamined life is not worth living."

Inductive reasoning

Plato

Theory of forms

Aristotle

Empirical method
Syllogism
The Golden Mean

BEYOND THE WEST: Confucius

Classical Style

octave

canon

module

Greek Art
The Geometric Period - 1200-700 BCE
The Archaic Period - 700-480 BCE
The Classical Period - 480-323 BCE
contrapposto

lost-wax

The Parthenon

porticos
Greek orders

Acropolis

Music and Dance

muse

modes

monophonic

magical powers
Pythagoras - associated musical ratios with constancy of cosmic order
value of dance

Hellenistic Age

338 BCE - Phillip of Macedonia
323 BCE - Alexander “the Great”