Study Guide: Chapters 11-15

Questions, terms, and topics for Chapters 11-15 (WebCT Exam 1)

 

 

Chapter 11 ENLIGHTENMENT: Science and the New Learning

 

Key Questions

1. What Enlightenment landmarks have worked to shape modern Western culture?

2. How did the arts reflect the character and aims of the Enlightenment?

3. Who were the most influential figures (artists, writers, scientists) of this age?

 

Key Terms

1.      Copernicus

2.      geocentric/heliocentric

3.      Kepler

4.      Galileo

5.      Francis Bacon

6.      Rene Descartes

7.      John Locke

8.      tabula rasa

9.      Thomas Hobbes

10.  social contract

11.  Charles Montesquieu

12.  deism

13.  philosophe

14.  natural law

15.  feminism

16.  categorical imperative

17.  noble savage

18.  third estate

19.  William Hogarth

20.  Rococo

21.  Chinoiserie

22.  neoclassicism

23.  fête galante

24.  Zen

25.  Japanese tea

 

 

 

Chapter 12      ROMANTICISM:  Nature, Passion, and the Sublime

 

Key Questions

1.  What is “romanticism” as an aesthetic style, a movement and an attitude of mind?  Is romanticism a uniquely Western phenomenon?

2. Which landmarks of the nineteenth century typify the romantic sensibility?   Are any of these landmarks associated with European nationalism?

3. What romantic landmarks have served to glorify the self as hero and visionary?  

 

Key Terms

1.      nationalism

2.      Code Napoleon

3.      Hegelian dialectic

4.      natural selection

5.      evolution

6.      social Darwinism

7.      Faust

8.      Frankenstein

9.      Gothic novel

10.  Promethean

11.  Transcendentalism

12.  metaphor

13.  assonance

14.  free verse

15.  abolitionism

16.  slave narrative

17.  Harriet Beecher Stowe

18.  Frederick Douglass

19.  Sojourner Truth

20.  Franscesco Goya

21.  Theodore Gericault

22.  Eugene Delacroix

23.  neo-medievalism

24.  virtuoso

25.  prima ballerina

 

 

 

Chapter 13 MATERIALISM: The Industrial Era and the Urban Scene

 

Key Questions

1. In what ways did expanding Western industrialism and technology inspire the landmarks of the late nineteenth century?

2. What late nineteenth-century styles came to replace romanticism in the arts of the West?

3. Which of the landmarks of the late nineteenth century have worked to influence or shape present-day American culture?

 

Key Terms

1.      materialism

2.      industrialism

3.      colonialism

4.      imperialism

5.      capitalism

6.      socialism

7.      Karl Marx

8.      proletariat

9.      communism

10.  slave morality

11.  Űbermensch

12.  naturalism

13.  the skyscraper

14.  daguerreotype

15.  Matthew Brady

16.  Lithography

17.  Edouard Manet

18.  Impressionism

19.  Claude Monet

20.  Edgar Degas

21.  Eadweard Muybridge

22.  postimpressionism

23.  Vincent Van Gogh

24.  Paul Gauguin

25.  Noa Noa

26.  Georges Seraut

27.  pointillism

28.  Paul Cezanne

29.  August Rodin

30.  Isadora Duncan

31.  Claude Debussy

32.  Oceania

 

 

 

Chapter 14  MODERNISM: The Assault on Tradition

 

Key Questions

1. What radical ideas and events worked to shape the arts of the early twentieth century?

2. Which aspects of modernism most clearly reflect an assault on tradition?  Which reflect a new direction in the arts?  Which reflect nihilism?

3. Disjunction and experimentation are two aspects of the early twentieth century; how are these reflected in the arts of this era?

 

Key Terms

1.      atomic age

2.      Einstein

3.      free association

4.      psychoanalysis

5.      id/ego/superego

6.      libido

7.      collective unconscious

8.      total war

9.      Great War of 1914

10.  totalitarianism

11.  Vladimir Ilyich Lenin

12.  Joseph Stalin

13.  National Socialist Party

14.  Holocaust

15.  Mao Zedong

16.  Imagism

17.  abstract

18.  avant-garde

19.  Pablo Picasso

20.  collage

21.  assemblage

22.  Fauvism

23.  Filippo Tommaso Marinetti

24.  Umberto Boccioni

25.  Constantin Brancusi

26.  Edvard Munch

27.  Marcel Duchamp

28.  Salvidor Dali

29.  Rene Magritte

30.  Frida Kahlo

31.  Frank Lloyd Wright

32.  Igor Stravinsky

 

 

 

Chapter 15   GLOBALISM: The Information Age

 

Key Questions

1. Why do we call the decades from the middle of the twentieth century to the present the “information age?”  What landmarks characterize this age?

2. What are the major differences between the arts of the first half of the twentieth century and those of the last sixty years?  How has technology affected these changes?

3. How have existentialism, anticolonialism and the quest for personal freedom influenced the landmarks of the last fifty years?

 

Key Terms

1.      existentialism

2.      antihero

3.      theater of the absurd

4.      Thirteenth Amendment

5.      “bloody summer” of 1919

6.      Harlem Renaissance

7.      “Letter from Birmingham Jail”

8.      feminism

9.      suffragettes

10.  Virginia Woolf

11.  AIDS

12.  Robert Mapelthorpe

13.  ethnicity

14.  genome

15.  string theory

16.  chaos theory

17.  deconstruction

18.  postmodernism

19.  Kurt Vonnegut

20.  Abstract Expressionism

21.  action painting

22.  color field painting

23.  New Realism

24.  Total Art

25.  Tiananman Square